據(jù)能源世界網(wǎng)8月11日墨爾本報(bào)道，周三英國(guó)石油公司(BP)基于一項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果表示，在澳大利亞大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)綠色氫和綠色氨在技術(shù)上是可行的，但需要在港口、電力和供水服務(wù)方面進(jìn)行大量投資。

　　這項(xiàng)由澳大利亞可再生能源署(ARENA)支持的研究著眼于建設(shè)一個(gè)示范工廠和一個(gè)年產(chǎn)100萬(wàn)噸的設(shè)施，其中一個(gè)由可再生能源驅(qū)動(dòng)的電解槽將水分解成氫氣，氫氣將用于制造綠色氨。

　　作為世界上最大的煤炭出口國(guó)和第二大液化天然氣出口國(guó)，澳大利亞希望開(kāi)發(fā)綠色氫來(lái)取代化石燃料，以推動(dòng)全球減少碳排放。

　　計(jì)劃每年在低碳上投資50億美元的英國(guó)石油公司發(fā)現(xiàn)，西澳大利亞的中西部地區(qū)是大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)綠色氫的一個(gè)特別有前景的地方，因?yàn)槟抢镉袕V闊的土地，豐富的風(fēng)能和陽(yáng)光。

　　BP澳大利亞總裁弗雷德里克·鮑德里 (Frederic Baudry) 在一份聲明中表示，重要的是，我們的研究還證實(shí)了這些難以削減碳排行業(yè)的潛在客戶的強(qiáng)勁需求，無(wú)論是本地市場(chǎng)還是出口市場(chǎng)。這有可能將澳大利亞定位為能源轉(zhuǎn)型的區(qū)域強(qiáng)國(guó)。

　　難以減排的行業(yè)包括鋼鐵制造和長(zhǎng)途運(yùn)輸。

　　這項(xiàng)由GHD工程公司完成的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)展氫工業(yè)將依賴于政府的支持，包括建設(shè)輸電線路、擴(kuò)大港口、提供激勵(lì)和設(shè)定排放目標(biāo)。

　　GHD表示，缺乏碳價(jià)格或排放上限是吸引氫等可再生技術(shù)投資的關(guān)鍵障礙。

　　澳大利亞政府拒絕為碳定價(jià)或承諾到2050年實(shí)現(xiàn)凈零排放。

　　GHD沒(méi)有給出商業(yè)規(guī)模工廠的成本估算。

　　BP表示，將與其他公司合作，制定西澳大利亞綠色氫項(xiàng)目的計(jì)劃。

　　另外，澳大利亞的 Origin Energy 和日本的三井 OSK Lines 表示，他們將共同研究從 2026 年起澳大利亞綠色氨項(xiàng)目如何供應(yīng)市場(chǎng)。

　　郝芬 譯自 能源世界網(wǎng)

　　原文如下：

　　BP sees potential for green hydrogen, ammonia plant in Australia

　　The production of green hydrogen and green ammonia is technically feasible at scale in Australia, but will require a major investment in port, electricity and water services, BP said on Wednesday, based on the findings of a study.

　　The study, supported by the Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA), looked at building a demonstration plant and a 1 million tonnes a year facility, with an electrolyser powered by renewable energy to split water to produce hydrogen, which would be used to make green ammonia.

　　Australia, the world's top coal exporter and the second largest exporter of liquefied natural gas, wants to develop green hydrogen to replace fossil fuels in a global push to cut carbon emissions.

　　BP, which plans to spend $5 billion a year on low-carbon investments, found the mid-west region of Western Australia was a particularly promising location for large-scale green hydrogen production, as it has vast land access and abundant wind and sunshine.

　　"importantly, our study also confirmed strong demand from potential customers in the hard-to-abate sectors, and for both local and export markets," BP Australia President Frederic Baudry said in a statement.

　　"This has the potential to position Australia as a regional powerhouse of the energy transition," Baudry said.

　　Hard-to-abate sectors include steel making and long-haul transport.

　　The study, done by engineering firm GHD, found developing a hydrogen industry would depend on government support, including building transmission lines, expanding ports, providing incentives and setting emissions targets.

　　"The absence of a carbon price or emissions cap is a key barrier to attracting investment in renewable technologies such as hydrogen," GHD said.

　　The Australian government has refused to set a price on carbon or commit to net zero emissions by 2050.

　　GHD gave no cost estimates for a commercial scale plant.

　　BP said it would work with others to develop plans for green hydrogen projects in Western Australia.

　　Separately, Australia's Origin Energy and Japan's Mitsui OSK Lines said they would jointly study how Australian green ammonia projects could supply markets from 2026.

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