據(jù)世界能源12月24日消息：韓國(guó)將在2022年第一季度釋放317萬桶石油儲(chǔ)備，這是美國(guó)主導(dǎo)的主要石油消費(fèi)國(guó)為降低油價(jià)而采取的措施之一。

根據(jù)引用的貿(mào)易、工業(yè)和能源部(Motie)的數(shù)據(jù)，1月至3月期間釋放的石油量占韓國(guó)國(guó)家石油儲(chǔ)量9700萬桶的3.3%。

韓國(guó)表示，其中200多萬桶原油將通過貸款協(xié)議提供給當(dāng)?shù)責(zé)捰蜕蹋溆?09萬桶石油產(chǎn)品將通過投標(biāo)程序提供給出價(jià)最高的投標(biāo)者。

美國(guó)11月底曾表示，美國(guó)能源部將從SPR釋放5,000萬桶石油，以與其他主要石油消費(fèi)國(guó)共同努力，降低高企的汽油價(jià)格。美國(guó)的SPR釋放將與印度、日本、韓國(guó)和英國(guó)等其他主要能源消費(fèi)國(guó)家同步進(jìn)行。

盡管5000萬桶似乎是一個(gè)巨大數(shù)字，但美國(guó)釋放的石油實(shí)際上相當(dāng)于美國(guó)大約兩天半的石油消費(fèi)量，2019年大流行前美國(guó)的石油消費(fèi)量為每天2050萬桶。

其他國(guó)家的減產(chǎn)幅度要小得多，主要石油消費(fèi)國(guó)似乎正在協(xié)調(diào)努力，試圖降低高油價(jià)，而歐佩克+則堅(jiān)持其石油生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃。

石油市場(chǎng)已經(jīng)基本消化了SPR發(fā)布的價(jià)格，在官方聲明發(fā)布之前，油價(jià)就出現(xiàn)了下滑。分析師還指出，戰(zhàn)略儲(chǔ)備的一次性銷售對(duì)大幅壓低油價(jià)并沒有太大作用。

推動(dòng)油價(jià)走低的是Omicron新冠病毒的出現(xiàn)，該變體在感恩節(jié)后嚇壞了市場(chǎng)，導(dǎo)致第二天價(jià)格暴跌10%。隨著各國(guó)開始宣布禁止來自非洲國(guó)家的航班，原油領(lǐng)跌所有市場(chǎng)。美國(guó)節(jié)日期間石油市場(chǎng)的低流動(dòng)性也導(dǎo)致了價(jià)格暴跌，這是自2020年4月以來的最大單日暴跌。

馮娟 摘譯自 世界能源

原文如下：

South Korea To Release 3 Million Barrels Of Oil Reserves In Early 2022

South Korea will release 3.17 million barrels of its oil reserves in the first quarter of 2022 as part of the U.S.-led global effort by major oil-consuming nations to lower prices.

The volume to be released between January and March accounts for 3.3 percent of South Korea’s state oil reserves of 97 million barrels, according to the ministry of trade, industry and energy (Motie) cited .

Just over 2 million barrels of the release will be crude and will go to local refiners via loan agreements, and the other 1.09 million barrels will be petroleum products released via a bidding process to the highest bidder, South Korea said.

U.S. said at the end of November that the Department of Energy would release 50 million barrels of oil from the SPR in a bid to lower high gasoline prices in a coordinated effort with other major oil-consuming nations. The SPR release from the United States will be carried out in parallel with other major energy-consuming nations, including China, India, Japan, South Korea, and the UK.

Despite the seemingly big number, 50 million barrels, the U.S. release actually equals around two and a half days of American petroleum consumption, which was at 20.5 million barrels per day (bpd) in the pre-pandemic 2019.

The other countries are going for much smaller releases, and the message seems to be that major oil consumers are coordinating efforts to try to lower high prices, while OPEC+ sticks to its guns over its oil production plan.

The oil market had already largely priced in SPR releases, with prices sliding before the official announcement. Analysts have also pointed out that one-off sales from strategic reserves cannot do much to move oil prices significantly lower.

What did move oil prices lower was the emergence of the Omicron COVID variant, which spooked the markets jut after Thanksgiving, leading to a 10-percent price collapse on the following day. Crude oil led the plunge in all markets as countries started to announce bans on flights from African countries. The low liquidity on the oil market in the festive period in the U.S. also contributed to the collapse in prices, which was the largest one-day crash since April 2020.

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