據(jù)烴加工3月11日消息稱(chēng)，根據(jù)美國(guó)能源情報(bào)署(EIA)的數(shù)據(jù)，原油價(jià)格上漲、煉油廠產(chǎn)量下降以及餾分油消耗量增加導(dǎo)致餾份油名義價(jià)格（未經(jīng)通脹調(diào)整）達(dá)到 2014 年以來(lái)的最高水平。

餾份油是一種燃料，包括柴油和取暖油。

自2021年初以來(lái)，由于卡車(chē)和鐵路貨運(yùn)需求增加，美國(guó)對(duì)餾份燃料的需求一直很高。此外，2022年1月的寒冷天氣導(dǎo)致今年冬季東北地區(qū)對(duì)取暖油的需求增加，該地區(qū)近20%的家庭依賴(lài)取暖油供暖。

盡管對(duì)餾份油的需求增加，但煉油廠的餾份油產(chǎn)量仍低于大流行前的水平，部分原因是對(duì)其他石油產(chǎn)品(如機(jī)動(dòng)汽油和航空燃料)的需求增長(zhǎng)相對(duì)較慢。

隨著國(guó)內(nèi)航空燃油需求的增加，煉油商正將更多生產(chǎn)從餾份轉(zhuǎn)向生產(chǎn)更多航空燃油。當(dāng)前的高需求和低產(chǎn)量的動(dòng)態(tài)是導(dǎo)致美國(guó)餾份油庫(kù)存持續(xù)提取的原因。根據(jù) EIA 的“每周石油狀況報(bào)告”（WPSR）數(shù)據(jù)，2 月 25 日美國(guó)東海岸的餾分油庫(kù)存量為 3150 萬(wàn)桶，比前五年（2017-2021 年）同期的平均水平低 37%。

正如 EIA 最近的《本周石油分析》中所強(qiáng)調(diào)的那樣，歐洲和亞洲的餾份油市場(chǎng)正經(jīng)歷著類(lèi)似的低庫(kù)存和高價(jià)格趨勢(shì)。

朱佳妮 摘譯自 烴加工

原文如下：

Increased demand and low inventories drive US distillate prices higher

Rising crude oil prices, low refinery production, and increased consumption of distillate fuel have contributed to the highest nominal (not adjusted for inflation) distillate prices since 2014, according to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA).

Distillate is a category of fuel that includes diesel fuel and heating oil.

US demand for distillate fuel has been high since early 2021 because of increased demand for trucking and rail freight transport. Furthermore, cold weather in January 2022 contributed to increased demand for heating oil in the Northeast this winter, a region that relies on heating oil to heat almost 20% of its homes.

Despite increased distillate demand, refinery production of distillate remains below pre-pandemic levels, partly because of comparatively slower demand growth for other petroleum products such as motor gasoline and jet fuel.

As domestic jet fuel demand increases, refiners are shifting more of their production away from distillate to produce more jet fuel. The current dynamic of high distillate demand and low production is contributing to persistent distillate stock withdrawals in the US. According to data the EIA’s ‘Weekly Petroleum Status Report’ (WPSR), distillate stocks on the US East Coast measured 31.5 million bbl on 25 February, which is 37% less than the previous five-year (2017–2021) average for that time of year.

Europe and Asia are experiencing similar trends of low inventories and high prices in their distillate markets, as highlighted in the EIA’s recent ‘This Week in Petroleum’ analysis.