據海上工程師網2022年6月28日報道， 英國石油公司（bp）發表的一份基準報告顯示，由于經濟活動加快，而可再生能源的強勁增長削弱了化石燃料的使用，去年全球能源消費量增加5.8%，超過疫情前的水平。 

bp在其《2021年世界能源統計評論》中表示，去年全球的石油日需求比2019年的水平低370萬桶，主要原因是由于航空部門的疲弱，比疫情前的水平低33%。  

經濟的快速復蘇也導致去年全球能源使用造成的溫室氣體排放增加5.7%，與2019年的水平大致相似。

bp首席經濟學家戴爾在報告中說：“2020年全球碳排放量的顯著下降只是暫時的。”

以下是報告中的一些亮點：

能源消費量——回到2019年  

去年全球一次能源需求增長5.8%，超過2019年1.3%的水平。  

去年，全球化石燃料消費量占一次能源使用的82%，而2019年和5年前分別為83%和85%。  

石油——航空部門仍然落后  

去年全球石油需求日均為9690萬桶，比2019年的水平低約370萬桶。  

去年全球石油需求疲軟主要集中在航空相關的石油需求，去年航空部門日需求為250萬桶，比2019年的水平低33%。  

去年，全球石油日產量增加140萬桶，歐佩克+集團占增量的75%以上。 

天然氣——液化天然氣需求增長放緩  

去年全球天然氣需求增長5.3%，恢復到疫情前的水平，并首次突破4萬億立方米大關。  

去年，全球液化天然氣供應量增長5.6%或260億立方米，達到5160億立方米，這是自2015年（除2020年外）以來的最低增速。 

煤炭——煤王的回歸  

去年全球煤炭消費量增長6%以上，略高于2019年的水平，是2014年以來的最高水平。   

可再生能源——增長最快  

去年，全球可再生一次能源（包括生物燃料，但不包括水電）增長15%，高于前一年的9%和其他任何燃料的增長。  

去年，全球太陽能和風能裝機容量繼續快速增長，增加226吉瓦，接近2020年創紀錄的236吉瓦。 

李峻 編譯自 海上工程師網

原文如下：

Global Energy Consumption Topped Pre-pandemic Levels in 2021, says BP

Global energy consumption rose by 5.8% in 2021, exceeding pre-pandemic levels as economies revved up activity, while strong growth in renewable energies chipped away at fossil fuel use, according to a benchmark report by BP.

Oil demand last year was 3.7 million barrels per day (bpd) below 2019 levels, driven primarily by weakness in the aviation sector, which was 33% below pre-pandemic levels, BP said in its 2021 Statistical Review of World Energy.

The rapid economic recovery also led to a 5.7% increase in greenhouse gas emissions from energy use, roughly similar to 2019 levels.

"The pronounced dip in carbon emissions in 2020 was only temporary," BP Chief Economist Spencer Dale said in the report.

Here are some highlights from the report:

ConSUMPTION - BACK TO 2019

Primary energy demand increased by 5.8% in 2021, exceeding 2019 levels by 1.3%.

Fossil fuels accounted for 82% of primary energy use last year, against 83% in 2019 and 85% five years ago.

OIL - AVIATION STILL LAGS

Oil demand in 2021 averaged 96.9 million bpd, some 3.7 million bpd below 2019 levels.

Much of this weakness was concentrated in aviation-related oil demand, which was more than 2.5 million bpd, or 33%, below 2019 levels.

Global oil production increased by 1.4 million bpd in 2021, with the OPEC+ group of producing nations accounting for more than 75% of the increase.

NATURAL GAS - LNG GROWTH SLOWS

Global natural gas demand grew 5.3% in 2021, recovering above pre-pandemic 2019 levels and crossing the 4 trillion cubic metres mark for the first time.

Its share in primary energy in 2021 was unchanged from the previous year at 24%.

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) supply grew by 5.6%, or 26 billion cubic metres (bcm), to 516 bcm in 2021, its slowest rate of growth since 2015 (other than in 2020)

COAL - THE RETURN OF KING COAL

Coal consumption rose by more than 6% in 2021, slightly above 2019 levels and its highest level since 2014.

RENEWABLES - FASTEST GROWTH

Renewable primary energy (including biofuels but excluding hydro) increased 15% in 2021, stronger than the previous year's 9% and any other fuel in 2021.

Solar and wind capacity continued to grow rapidly in 2021, increasing by 226 gigawatts (GW), close to the record 236 GW jump in 2020.