據(jù)管道&天然氣雜志網(wǎng)7月3日報道，根據(jù)工業(yè)信息資源公司IIR(Industrial Info Resources)的研究顯示，美國是液化天然氣出口的全球主要力量，支持全球能源安全，考慮到最終投資決定（FID）預計將帶來數(shù)十億美元的收益，這一潛力可能會更大。

對美國液化天然氣的主要出口商之一切尼爾能源公司來說，6月是忙碌的一個月。

上周，與挪威能源巨頭Equinor達成了類似的協(xié)議。切尼爾表示，這兩項協(xié)議都將支持該公司在路易斯安那州Cameron Parish的薩賓帕斯出口終端的擴建計劃。

切尼爾目前有6條生產(chǎn)線在運行，峰值產(chǎn)能為每天45.6億立方英尺。另一條生產(chǎn)線的計劃將把運力提高到53.2億立方英尺/天。

算上薩賓帕斯的擴建項目，IIR發(fā)現(xiàn)，從現(xiàn)在到2024年有價值275億美元的FID即將或等待批準。緊隨其后的是卡塔爾，預計到明年潛在FID將達到150億美元。

IIR負責油氣研究副總裁Gordon Gorrie表示，“我們在美國有一個良好的開端，有兩個項目已經(jīng)獲得FID批準，即森普拉的亞瑟港項目，年產(chǎn)能為660萬噸，全球風投（Venture Global）的Plaquemines二期項目，年產(chǎn)能為1350萬噸”。

根據(jù)聯(lián)邦數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在6月21日當周內(nèi)，22艘滿載液化天然氣的船只離開美國出口碼頭，總共運送了820億立方英尺的液化天然氣。相比之下，2019年同期僅為391億立方英尺，這還不包括疫情因素和地緣政治沖突影響。

在短期內(nèi)，液化天然氣出口能力將以遞增的速度增長。根據(jù)聯(lián)邦數(shù)據(jù)顯示，從2022年到2023年，液化產(chǎn)能預計將增加14%，達到121億立方英尺/天，但從現(xiàn)在到2024年，這一擴張速度將放緩至5%，屆時產(chǎn)能將達到127億立方英尺/天。資本流動表明，這一速度將加快。

液化天然氣增長的勢頭在資本流動中表現(xiàn)得很明顯。去年，美國的FID總額為182億美元，而根據(jù)工業(yè)信息公司的歷史數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2021年的投資并沒有任何變化。

預計到9月，還有Calcasieu Pass終端的幾條生產(chǎn)線將上線。除此之外，得克薩斯州黃金通道的三條生產(chǎn)線預計2025年投入使用，路易斯安那州Plaquemines終端的兩個階段也將投入使用。與此同時，亞瑟港的兩條生產(chǎn)線已在建造中，預計將于2027年完工。

郝芬 譯自 管道&天然氣雜志網(wǎng)

原文如下：

Research Shows US LNG Sector Poised for Nearly $30 Billion in FIDs

The U.S. is a global leader in exports of LNG, supporting global energy security, and there could be even more potential given the billions of dollars expected from final investment decisions (FIDs), according to research by Industrial Info Resources.

It's been a busy month for Cheniere Energy Inc., among the lead exporters of U.S.-sourced LNG. The company on June 26 signed a 20-year sale and purchase agreement with a division of China's ENN Natural Gas Company Ltd.

That followed a similar agreement reached last week with Norwegian energy major Equinor. Both agreements, Cheniere said, would support planned expansions to its Sabine Pass export terminal in Cameron Parish, Louisiana.

Cheniere has six trains running now with a combined capacity of 4.56 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d) in peak nameplate capacity. Plans for another train would boost that capacity to 5.32 Bcf/d.

Counting expansions to Sabine Pass, Industrial Info finds there are $27.5 billion worth of FIDs that are either upcoming or awaiting approval between now and 2024. The next closest is Qatar, with an expected $15 billion in potential FIDs by next year.

"We are off to a good start here in the U.S. with two projects already obtaining FID approval, namely Sempra's Port Arthur rated at 6.6 million tonnes per annum and Venture Global's Plaquemines Phase II rated at 13.5 million tonnes per annum," said Gordon Gorrie, IIR's vice president of oil and gas research, said.

Federal data show 22 vessels laden with LNG left U.S. export terminals during the seven-day period ending June 21, carrying a combined 82 billion cubic feet (Bcf) of gas in the liquid form. That compares to just 39.1 Bcf during the comparable week in 2019, to discount both the pandemic and the war.

The momentum for LNG is apparent in capital flows. FIDs in the U.S. totaled $18.2 billion last year and Industrial Info data show nothing moving in investments during 2021.

Over the short-term horizon, LNG export capacity expands at an incremental pace. From 2022 to 2023, federal data show an expected 14% increase in liquefaction capacity to 12.1 Bcf/d, but the expansion slows to 5% between now and 2024, when capacity reaches 12.7 Bcf/d.

But the capital flows suggest the pace will pick up. Several more trains are expected to come online from the Calcasieu Pass terminal by September. Beyond that, a three-train facility at Golden Pass in Texas should be online by 2025, as will both phases of the Plaquemines terminal in Louisiana. Two trains, meanwhile, are already under construction at Port Arthur, where construction should be completed by 2027.